List of Indian States and its Official Languages: India, a union of states, is a sovereign, secular, democratic, republic with a parliamentary system of government. The President is the constitutional head of Executive of the Union. In the states, the Governor, as the representative of the President, is the head of the Executive.
The system of government in states closely resembles that of the Union. India, one of the most diverse nations in the world, is divided into 28 states and 8 union territories for administrative purposes. The tradition, culture, art, language and food vary from state to state and are unique to each region. Part XVII of the Indian constitution deals with the official languages in articles 343 to 351.The Constitution does not specify the official language of different states. At present, the Eighth Schedule of the Constitution specifies 22 languages (originally 14 languages).
Table of Contents
List of the Indian States and its Official Languages
Here is the complete list of states and official languages of India.
| Name of the State | Languages | Name of the Capital |
| Andhra Pradesh | Telugu | Hyderabad/Amravati |
| Arunachal Pradesh {AP} | English | Itanagar |
| Assam | Assamese | Dispur |
| Bihar | Hindi | Patna |
| Chhattisgarh | Hindi | Raipur |
| Goa | Konkani | Panaji |
| Gujarat | Gujarati | Gandhinagar |
| Haryana | Hindi | Chandigarh |
| Himachal Pradesh {HP} | Hindi | Shimla |
| Jharkhand | Hindi | Ranchi |
| Karnataka | Kannada | Bangalore |
| Kerala | Malayalam | Trivendrum |
| Madhya Pradesh {MP} | Hindi | Bhopal |
| Maharashtra | Marathi | Mumbai |
| Manipur | Meiteilon (Manipuri) | Imphal |
| Meghalaya | English | Shillong |
| Mizoram | Mizo, English & Hindi | Aizawl |
| Nagaland | English | Kohima |
| Odisha | Odia | Bhubaneshwar |
| Punjab | Punjabi | Chandigarh |
| Rajasthan | Hindi | Jaipur |
| Sikkim | English | Gangtok |
| Tamil Nadu | Tamil | Chennai |
| Telangana | Telugu & Urdu | Hyderabad |
| Tripura | Bengali, English & Kokborok | Agartala |
| Uttar Pradesh {UP} | Hindi | Lucknow |
| Uttarakhand | Hindi | Dehradun |
| West Bengal {WB} | Bengali | Kolkata |
List of the Indian Union Territories Languages and Capitals
Here is the complete list of union territories languages of India.
| Name of the Union Territory | Languages | Name of the Capital |
| Andaman & Nicobar Island | Hindi & English | Port Blair |
| Chandigarh | English | Chandigarh |
| Dadra & Nagar Haveli and Daman & Diu | Gujarati, Marathi, Konkani & Hindi | Daman |
| Jammu and Kashmir | Kashmiri, Dogri, English, Hindi, Urdu | Srinagar (Summer Capital), Jammu (Winter capital) |
| Delhi | Hindi | Delhi |
| Ladakh | Ladakhi, Purgi, Hindi, English | Leh, Kargil |
| Lakshadweep | Malayalam & English | Kavaratti |
| Pondicherry | Tamil | Pondicherry |
In the end; it is worth to mention that the Sindhi language was added in the 8th schedule by the 21st Amendment Act of 1967; Konkani, Manipuri and Nepali were added by the 71st Amendment Act of 1992; and Bodo, Dongri, Maithili and Santhali were added by the 92nd Amendment Act of 2003. In all the 22 official languages the Hindi language is spoken by most of the Indians.
Indian States that have English as official language
| State | Official language(s) | Additional official language(s) |
| Arunachal Pradesh | English | – |
| Himachal Pradesh | Hindi | English |
| Manipur | Meitei (Manipuri) | English |
| Meghalaya | English | Khasi and Garo |
| Mizoram | Mizo, English and Hindi | – |
| Nagaland | English | – |
| Odisha | Odia | English |
| Rajasthan | Hindi | English |
| Sikkim | English | Additional ten local languages |
| Tamil Nadu | Tamil | English |
| Tripura | Bengali, English and Kokborok | – |
Indian States that have Hindi as Official language
| State | Official language(s) | Additional official language(s) |
| Bihar | Hindi | Urdu |
| Chhattisgarh | Hindi | – |
| Gujarat | Gujarati | Hindi |
| Haryana | Hindi | Punjabi |
| Himachal Pradesh | Hindi | English |
| Jharkhand | Hindi | Urdu |
| Madhya Pradesh | Hindi | – |
| Mizoram | Mizo, English and Hindi | – |
| Rajasthan | Hindi | English |
| Uttar Pradesh | Hindi | Urdu |
| Uttarakhand | Hindi | Sanskrit |
| West Bengal | Bengali | Nepali, Hindi, Kamtapuri, Kurukh and Urdu (specific areas) |
List of Official Languages of India – FAQ
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Q. How many languages are there in India?
Ans: At present, the Eighth Schedule of the Constitution specifies 22 languages
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Q. What are the 22 languages in India?
Ans: Assamese, Bengali, Bodo, Dogri, Gujarati, Hindi, Kannada, Kashmiri, Konkani, Maithili, Marathi, Malayalam, Meitei (Manipuri), Nepali, Odia, Punjabi, Sanskrit, Santali, Sindhi, Tamil, Telugu, Urdu are the 22 languages in India.
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Q. Which state has more languages in India?
Ans : Nagaland is the most linguistically diverse state in India.
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Q. Which state is least linguistically diverse in India?
Ans : Kerala is least diverse state in India language-wise.
