The Hindu Editorial VOCAB 13 April 2021 (Improve Your Vocabulary)

STRIDE (noun) : छलाँग
Meaning: A long step or stage in making progress.अर्थ: प्रगति करने में एक लंबा कदम या चरण। Synonyms: clump, tramp, stomp, stalk.
Antonyms: amble, meander, ramble, wander.
Usage: In two bounding strides the woman was in the street, kneeling over her friend.

VEXATIOUS (adjective) : कष्टकर
Meaning: Causing or tending to cause annoyance, frustration, or worry.अर्थ: गुस्सा, हताशा या चिंता का कारण या प्रवृत्ति।

Synonyms: annoying, irksome, infuriating, exasperating.Antonyms: pleasing, soothing, aiding, assisting.
Usage: This vexatious problem was resolved, incompletely, by civil war and secession.

STODGY (adjective) : मैला-कुचैला
Meaning: Dull and uninspired; lacking originality or excitement.अर्थ: सुस्त और उदासीन; मौलिकता या उत्तेजना की कमी।
Synonyms: uninteresting, uninspired, monotonous, humdrum.
Antonyms: exciting, entertaining, breathtaking, enthralling.
Usage: Most of my students used informal, asymmetrical balance, as formal balance can seem stodgy and dull.

DODDER (verb) : डगमगाना
Meaning: tremble or totter, typically because of old age.अर्थ: कांपना या टोटका, आमतौर पर बुढ़ापे के कारण।
Synonyms: stumble, stagger, sway, lurch.
Antonyms: steady, fix, stay, still, remain.
Usage: The old woman doddered from the bed to the table.

AGAPE (adjective) : भौंचक्का
Meaning: (of a person’s mouth) wide open in surprise or wonder.अर्थ: (किसी व्यक्ति के मुँह में) आश्चर्य या आश्चर्य में खुला हुआ।
Synonyms: agog, breathless, enthusiastic, raring.
Antonyms: apathetic, indifferent, unimpressed, uninterested.
Usage: When I first saw the sunset in the Grand Canyon, I could only stand staring with my mouth agape.

TORPOR (noun) : उदासीनता
Meaning: a state of physical or mental inactivity; lethargy.
अर्थ: शारीरिक या मानसिक निष्क्रियता की स्थिति; सुस्ती।Synonyms: listlessness, languor, stagnation, idleness.
Antonyms: eagerness, keenness, spiritedness, vigor.
Usage: During the winter, the bears fall into an intense torpor.

PRECARIOUS (adjective) : अनिश्चित
Meaning: dependent on chance; uncertain.अर्थ: संयोग पर निर्भर; अनिश्चित।
Synonyms: unsure, unpredictable, doubtful, dubious.

Antonyms: certain, stable, confirmed, definite.
Usage: As Finance Secretary I found that the finances of the state were in a precarious condition.

CONFABULATE (verb) : बातचीत करना
Meaning: to talk informally.अर्थ: अनौपचारिक रूप से बात करना।
Synonyms: chitchat, gossip, patter, schmooze.
Antonyms: be silent, be quiet, listen.
Usage: Guests gathered in the hallway to confabulate about the weather and make small talk.
EERIE (adjective) : भयग्रस्त
Meaning: strange and frightening.
अर्थ: अजीब और भयावह।Synonyms: sinister, ghostly, creepy, haunting.
Antonyms: normal, ordinary, prosaic, routine.
Usage: An eerie feeling came over us as we watched the scary movie.

SUCCINCTLY (adverb) : संक्षेप में
Meaning: in a way that expresses what needs to be said clearly and without unnecessary words.अर्थ: एक तरह से जो व्यक्त करता है कि स्पष्ट रूप से और अनावश्यक शब्दों के बिना क्या कहने की आवश्यकता है।
Synonyms: brief, compendious, concise, terse.
Antonyms: circumlocutory, diffuse, long-winded, prolix.

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The Hindu Editorial VOCAB 9 April 2021 (Improve Your Vocabulary)

Vitiate (Verb) – दूषित करना

• Meaning: spoil or impair the quality or efficiency of.
• अर्थ: की गुणवत्ता या दक्षता को खराब या ख़राब करना।
• Synonym: poison, spoil, stain, tarnish, touch, taint
• Antonym: Clean, honor, purify
• Usage: When peers and bullies apply pressure, it can vitiate the moral character of young people and lead them down the wrong path.

Accolade (Noun) – सम्मान

• Meaning: an award or privilege granted as a special honor or as an acknowledgment of merit.
• अर्थ: एक सम्मान या विशेषाधिकार विशेष सम्मान के रूप में या योग्यता की स्वीकृति के रूप में दिया जाता है।

• Synonym: honor, recognition, privilege, award, gift, title
• Usage: Mrs. Smith is such a great teacher that she is always getting one accolade after another.

Vernacular (Noun) – जनभाषा

• Meaning: the language or dialect spoken by the ordinary people of a country or region.
• अर्थ: किसी देश या क्षेत्र के सामान्य लोगों द्वारा बोली जाने वाली भाषा या बोली।
• Synonym: everyday language, spoken language, colloquial speech, slang
• Usage: To hold the interest of the community, the playwright penned his play using only the local vernacular.

Valedictory (Noun) – विदाई

• Meaning: a farewell address.
• अर्थ: एक विदाई का पता।
• Synonym: farewell, goodbye, leaving, parting, departing, going away, last, final
• Usage: On the last day of school, seniors wrote a valedictory stating what they would miss about high school and read it in front of the class for their final grade.

Interdict (Noun) – पाबंदी

• Meaning: an authoritative prohibition, in particular
• अर्थ: एक आधिकारिक निषेध, विशेष रूप से

• Synonym: prohibition, ban, bar, veto, proscription,
• Antonym: corroborate, support
• Usage: Because I failed most of my classes last term, my parents will probably interdict me from working this semester.

Perjury (Noun) – झूठा साक्ष्य

• Meaning: the offense of willfully telling an untruth or making a misrepresentation under oath.
• अर्थ: शपथ के तहत जानबूझकर असत्य बताने या गलत बयानी करने का अपराध।
• Synonym: violation of an oath, giving false evidence/testimony, bearing false witness/testimony, forswearing oneself, making false statements, willful falsehood
• Usage: The mother who lied about her son’s whereabouts will soon face trial for perjury.

INEXORABLE (Adjective) : निष्ठुर

• Meaning: impossible to stop or prevent.
• अर्थ: रोकना या रोकना असंभव है।
• Synonyms: relentless, unstoppable, unavoidable, inescapable
• Antonyms: kind, merciful, sympathetic
• Example: The inexorable truth is that Shelley is going to die within six months because she has cancer.

PECULIAR (Adjective) : अनोखा

• Meaning: different to what is normal or expected; strange.
• अर्थ: जो सामान्य या अपेक्षित है उससे भिन्न; अजीब।
• Synonyms: strange, unusual, curious, abnormal
• Antonyms: common, general, indefinite, ordinary
• Example: My uncle is a peculiar man who wears the same outfit several days a week.

EXTOL (Verb) : प्रशंसा करना

• Meaning: praise enthusiastically.
• अर्थ: उत्साहपूर्वक प्रशंसा करना।
• Synonyms: eulogize, acclaim
• Antonyms: criticize
• Example: I got angry when my mother would extol my brother’s accomplishments and ignore all the good things I did.

PROTRACTED (adjective) फैला हुआ

• Meaning: lasting for a long time or longer than expected or usual.
• अर्थ: लंबे समय तक या अपेक्षा से अधिक समय तक या सामान्य रूप से स्थायी।
• Synonyms: expanded, lasting, prolonged, sustained.
• Antonyms: abbreviated, abridged, curtailed, shortened.
• Usage: Three years of long and protracted negotiations characterized the proposals for an indoor-events arena.

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The Hindu Editorial VOCAB 8 April 2021 (Improve Your Vocabulary)

Axiomatic(Adjective) : स्वयं स्पष्ट
Meaning: self-evident or unquestionable.
अर्थ: स्वयं स्पष्ट या निर्विवाद।
Synonym: Understood, Given, Granted, self-evident
Antonym: Misunderstood, uncertain
Usage: The arithmetic principles are axiomatic in nature.

APOTHEOSIS (noun) : गुणगान
Meaning: the highest point in the development of something; a culmination or climax.
अर्थ: किसी चीज़ के विकास में उच्चतम बिंदु; एक परिणति या चरमोत्कर्ष।
Synonyms: peak, pinnacle, summit, zenith.

Antonyms: nadir, debasement, jab, imperfectness.Example: When my teacher said that my sculpture was the apotheosis of all the other pieces of art in the class, I was thrilled.

WANDER(Verb) : बहना
Meaning:move or cause to move in a sinuous or circular course
अर्थ: पापी या वृत्ताकार पाठ्यक्रम में जाने के लिए गति या कारण
Synonyms:drift, float
Antonyms:stay
Example:He was here a minute ago but he’s wandered off somewhere.

Ephemeral(Adjective) : अल्पकालिक
Meaning: Lasting for short time
अर्थ: कम समय तक रहना
Synonyms: Temporary, Short-lived, transient.
Antonyms: long-lived, enduring, everlasting, eternal, perpetual.
Usage: time is ephemeral so don’t waste it.

MIRE(Noun) : कठिन परिस्थिति में फ़साना

Meaning: involve someone or something in (a difficult situation).
अर्थ: किसी को या किसी चीज़ को किसी कठिन परिस्थिति में शामिल करना।
Synonyms: entangle, embroil, enmesh, involve
Example: The woman worked two jobs in order to remove herself from the mire of poverty.

REDACT (verb) : संपादन करना
Meaning: edit (text) for publication.
अर्थ: प्रकाशन के लिए संपादन (पाठ)।
Synonyms: correct, rectify, repair, fix.
Antonyms: befoul, deteriorate, diminish, hinder.
Example: Some of the conclusions in the report have been redacted.

Exhortation : प्रबोधन
Meaning: an address or communication emphatically urging someone to do something.
अर्थ: एक पता या संचार जोरदार ढंग से किसी से कुछ करने का आग्रह करता है।
Synonyms: persuasion, encouragement, urging
Antonyms: dissuasion, arbitration
Usage in a sentence: After repeated exhortation by his comrades, he finally straightened out his thinking.

Levitation : उत्तोलन
Meaning: the action of rising or causing something to rise and hover in the air, typically by means of supposed magical powers.
अर्थ: किसी चीज को उठने या हवा में उछालने की क्रिया, आमतौर पर कथित जादुई शक्तियों के माध्यम से।
Synonyms: lift, rise, upsurge, ascent, ascension
Antonym: ascension
Usage in a Sentence: Apparently he’ll be doing some levitation on the stage tomorrow.

TIRADE(Noun) : निंदा-भाषण
Meaning: a long, angry speech of criticism or accusation.
अर्थ: आलोचना या आरोप का लंबा, गुस्सा भरा भाषण।
Synonyms: diatribe, invective, polemic, denunciation, rant
Antonyms: compliment, praise
Usage: She launched into a tirade against the policies that ruined her business.

Quaint : विचित्र
Meaning: attractively unusual or old-fashioned.
अर्थ: आकर्षक रूप से असामान्य या पुराने जमाने का।
Synonyms: odd, strange, eccentric, unusual, peculiar
Antonyms: ordinary, normal, common, usual
Usage in a Sentence: The writer talks about the quaint customs of the natives.

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The Hindu Editorial VOCAB 7 April 2021 (Improve Your Vocabulary)

HIATUS (Noun) : ख़ाली जगह

• Meaning: a pause or break in continuity in a sequence or activity.
• अर्थ: एक अनुक्रम या गतिविधि में निरंतरता में विराम या विराम।
• Synonyms: pause, break, interval, interruption, suspension
• Antonyms: closure, juncture, misfortune
• Usage: The professor will take his family on a long vacation during his hiatus.

HEAVE (Verb) : ढोना

• Meaning: lift or haul (something heavy) with great effort.
• अर्थ: बड़े प्रयास से उठा या ढोना (कुछ भारी)।

• Synonyms: haul, pull, lug, drag
• Antonyms: push
• Usage: After he tried to heave the heavy weight above his head for the third time, the weak lifter decided to give up.

DEBASE (Verb) : मूल्य घटाना

• Meaning: reduce (something) in quality or value; degrade.
• अर्थ: गुणवत्ता या मूल्य में कमी (कुछ); नीचा।
• Synonyms: degrade, demean, disgrace, undermine
• Antonyms: enhance
• Usage: The politician tried to debase his rival’s good reputation by spreading false rumors about him.

THRALL(Noun) : ग़ुलाम

• Meaning: the state of being under the control of another person
• अर्थ: किसी अन्य व्यक्ति के नियंत्रण में होने की स्थिति
• Synonyms: servitude, slavery

• Antonyms: mastery, dominance
• Example: After experiencing oppression at the thrall of Great Britain, the colonists decided to take action against the giant country in order to make decisions for themselves.

USURIOUS (adjective) : अति ब्याज

• Meaning: rate of interest that is unfairly high.
• अर्थ: ब्याज की दर जो गलत तरीके से उच्च है।
• Synonyms: avaricious, acquisitive, rapacious, covetous.
• Antonyms: affordable, moderate, generous, undulating.
• Usage: Can you lend to the poor without charging usurious interest?

GRANULAR (adjective) : बारीक

• Meaning: Resembling or consisting of small grains or particles.
• अर्थ: छोटे अनाज या कणों से मिलकर बनता है।
• Synonyms: powdery, grainy, gritty, sandy.
• Antonyms: soft, fine, smooth, glossy.
• Usage: In the dry state, granular soil particles can be easily separated and identified.

CONTRAVENTION (noun) : उल्लंघन

• Meaning: An action which offends against a law, treaty, or other ruling.
• अर्थ: एक कार्रवाई जो एक कानून, संधि या अन्य शासन के खिलाफ होती है।
• Synonyms: breach, violation, infringement, transgression.
• Antonyms: compliance, conformity, obedience, adoption.
• Usage: These powers must be exercised on consideration of the likelihood of damage or distress caused by the contravention of the Act.

SCALDING(Adjective) : धधकते हुए

• Meaning: If a liquid is scalding, it is extremely hot
• अर्थ: यदि कोई तरल पदार्थ खुरच रहा है, यह बहुत गर्म है
• Synonyms: blazing, blistering
• Antonyms: cold, cool
• Example:  Against her will, hot scalding tears burst from her eyes and down her cheeks.

ABSTEMIOUS (Adjective) : संयमी

• Meaning: indulging only very moderately in something, especially food and drink.
• अर्थ: किसी चीज में बहुत संयमपूर्वक भोजन करना, विशेष रूप से भोजन और पेय।
• Synonym: temperate, abstinent, austere, moderate.
• Antonym: self-indulgent, intemperate, rapacious, voracious.
• Example: Although my husband is normally abstemious with his money, he will buy a ticket to a football game in a minute.

ARDUOUS(Adjective) : कठिन

• Meaning: demanding great effort or labor; difficult
• अर्थ: महान प्रयास या श्रम की माँग करना; कठिन
• Synonyms: exhausting, grueling
• Antonyms: facile, easy
• Example: Needless to say, mastering a foreign language is an arduous challenge.

BESTOW(verb) : सम्मान देना

• Meaning: to give something as an honour or present
• अर्थ: किसी वस्तु को सम्मान या वर्तमान के रूप में देना
• Synonyms: award, grant
• Antonyms: take, deny
• Example:The country’s highest medal was bestowed upon him for heroism.

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The Hindu Editorial VOCAB 6 April 2021 (Improve Your Vocabulary)

Jeopardize (verb) : ख़तरे में डालना

• Meaning: put (someone or something) into a situation in which there is a danger of loss, harm, or failure.
• अर्थ: (किसी को या किसी को) ऐसी स्थिति में रखना जिसमें हानि, हानि या असफलता का खतरा हो।
• Synonyms: imperil, threaten, chance, gamble
• Antonyms: guard,protect, save, design
• Example: By a word he could have done it, yet he feared lest that word must jeopardize his brother.

Abate (Verb) – रोक-थाम करना

• Meaning: (of something unpleasant or severe) become less intense or widespread
• अर्थ: (कुछ अप्रिय या गंभीर) कम तीव्र या व्यापक हो जाता है

• Synonyms: subside, die down/away/out, drop off/away, lessen, ease (off), let up, decrease, diminish, moderate, decline, fade, dwindle,
• Antonyms: intensify, advance, extend, develop
• Example: the storm suddenly abated

Rescind (Verb) – रद्द कर देना

• Meaning: revoke, cancel, or repeal (a law, order, or agreement).
• अर्थ: निरस्त, रद्द या निरस्त (एक कानून, आदेश, या समझौता)।
• Synonyms: revoke, repeal, cancel, reverse, abrogate, overturn, overrule, override, annul, nullify,
• Antonyms: enforce, enact
• Example: the government eventually rescinded the directive

Odious (adjective) :घृणित

• Meaning: extremely unpleasant; repulsive.
• अर्थ: अत्यंत अप्रिय; प्रतिकारक।
• Synonyms: revolting, repulsive, repellent, repugnant
• Antonyms: delightful, pleasant, agreeable, charming
• Example: The athlete got arrested for participating in the odious sport of dogfighting.

Rebuffed (Verb) : अस्वीकार कर दिया

• Meaning: Reject or refuse something or someone in an abrupt or ungracious manner.
• अर्थ: किसी या किसी को अचानक या अनुचित तरीके से अस्वीकार या अस्वीकार करना।
• Synonyms: Turn down, Decline, Dismiss, Repel, Spurn.

• Antonyms: Accept, Welcome, Approve, Permit, Assist.
• Sentence: The company rebuffed the proposals of all clients.

Leeway (Noun) :स्वतंत्रता

• Meaning: the amount of freedom to move or act that is available.
• अर्थ: उपलब्ध होने या चलने की स्वतंत्रता की मात्रा।
• Synonyms: freedom, scope
• Antonyms: Bigotry, extremism
• Sentence: My boss grants me leeway to make my own decisions.

Dilatory (adjective) :धीमा

• Meaning: slow to act
• अर्थ: कार्य करने में धीमा
• Synonyms: sluggish, slothful, lax, slack.
• Antonyms: fast, prompt, brisk, quick.
• Sentence: They were dilatory in providing the researchers with information.

Reprobate (Noun) :बदमाश

• Meaning: an unprincipled person.
• अर्थ:  एक अप्रतिष्ठित व्यक्ति।
• Synonyms: rogue, scoundrel, villain, wretch.
• Antonyms: upright, virtuous, principled, righteous
• Sentence: Although the old man pretended to be a reprobate in public, in private he did a lot of good deeds for the homeless.

Axiomatic (Adjective): सिद्ध

• Meaning: self-evident or unquestionable.
• अर्थ: स्वयं स्पष्ट या निर्विवाद।
• Synonym: Understood, Given, Granted, self-evident
• Antonym: Misunderstood, uncertain
• Sentence:  The arithmetic principles are axiomatic in nature.

Fester (Verb): सड़ना

• Meaning: Become septic or become rotten and offensive to the senses.
• अर्थ: सड़ जाना और आक्रामक बनना।
• Synonyms: Suppurate, Rot, Decay, Degrade, Disintegrate.
• Antonym: Build, Grow, Please, Improve, Flourish.
• Sentence: If a cut or other injury festers, it becomes infected

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